• Question 1

  • Perceptual illusions

  • Question 2

    • The World in 1600#
    World Population (in early 17th century)#
    Luther by Lucas Cranach the Elder#
    Europe in 1600 (population and religion)#
    Europe in 1600 (political)#
    Age of European exploration (15th and 16th centuries)#
    France in the 16th century#
  • Political situation in France in the 17th Century

    • Louis XIII (reign 14 May 1610 – 14 May 1643)#
    Cardinal Richelieu (in office 12 August 1624 – 4 December 1642)#
    Henri Motte's depiction of Cardinal Richelieu at the Siege of La Rochelle in 1627.#
  • La Rochelle

    • The Siege of La Rochelle#
    The Siege of La Rochelle (close up)#
    François Leclerc du Tremblay (4 November 1577 – 17 December 1638)#
    L'Eminence Grise by Jean-Léon Gérôme. Gérôme’s art epitomized the officially sanctioned, academic style against which the Impressionists rebelled. His paintings, with their imperceptible brushwork, meticulous detail, and brilliant effects of color and light, commanded huge prices in both France and America. L’Eminence Grise recreates the palace of Cardinal Richelieu, the “Red Cardinal,” virtual ruler of France during the childhood of Louis XIII. Descending the staircase is Richelieu’s chief adviser, François Le Clerc du Trembly, a Capuchin friar known as L’Eminence grise (the Gray Cardinal), a term that has come to mean “the power behind the throne.”#
    Aristotle (384–322 BC)#
    Augustine of Hippo (13 November 354 – 28 August 430 AD)#
    Thomas Aquinas (1225 – 1274) - painting by Diego Velázquez#
    Nicolaus Copernicus (19 February 1473 – 24 May 1543)#
    Johannes Kepler (27 December 1571 – 15 November 1630)#
    Galileo Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642) - Cristiano Banti's 1857 painting Galileo facing the Roman Inquisition#
    Ignatius of Loyola (23 October 1491– 31 July 1556)#
    "
    Chapel in the Cave of Saint Ignatius at Manresa, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Manresa%2C_Cova_de_Sant_Ignasi-PM_58510.jpg #
    "
    Abbey on Montserrat#
  • online retreat 1

  • online retreat 2

    • Descartes (La Haye), birthplace of Descartes#
    Descartes (1596-1650) in Christina's court in Sweden, by Pierre Louis Dumesnil the Younger (French Painter, 1698-1781)#
  • Augustine and Descartes

  • Excerpt from "Christina: The Girl King" (play from 2014)

  • Queen Christina Of Sweden, Lesbian Troublemaker

  • Review of the play

  • Metaphysics - SEP entry

  • Bernard Williams Video

  • Britannica article on Rationalism

  • Descartes texts (pdf)

  • Jesuit Schools and Universities in Europe 1548–1773

  • View of the Jesuit College in La Fleche, 1655

  • Jesuit - Formula the Institute (1540)

  • Jesuit.org

  • Jesuits to admit women: Who will be the first female Jebbies?

  • The Role of Women in Jesuit Education (2008)

  • Meet the only Jesuit woman in history (2017)

  • Merriman Yale Course - Europe 1648-1945 - Absolutism lecture

    • Spread of Calvinism in Europe in the 16th Century#
    Rationalists and Empiricists#
  • Empiricism v. Rationalism

  • Descartes Legacy

  • Husserl entry in IEP

  • Heidegger entry in SEP

  • HEGEL'S PHENOMENOLOGY OF MIND; K. Rosenkranz and G. S. Hall (1872)

  • Emmanuel Lévinas: the infinite footprint

  • The Third Man 1949 Ferris Wheel Scene 3min